GUIDELINE for SARS-Coronavirus (CoV)-2 and cats
The coronavirus (CoV) that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first isolated in December 2019, in Wuhan City, Hubei province, China.
GUIDELINE for Feline respiratory Mycoplasma infections
Mycoplasmas are widely distributed in nature. Various species of these small prokaryotic organisms cause economically important infections in domestic animals (like mammals and birds), and infect also reptiles, as well as man.
GUIDELINE for Feline Morbillivirus infection
The Morbillivirus genus (family Paramyxoviridae) includes important viral RNA pathogens of humans and animals including measles virus, canine distemper virus (CDV), rinderpest virus (globally eradicated in 2011), peste des petits ruminants viruses and viruses affecting marine mammals (Nambulli et al., 2016).
GUIDELINE for Dirofilarioses in Cats
Filarial worms (Spirurida, Onchocercidae) are vector-borne nematodes infecting mainly dogs but also cats, ferrets, wild carnivores (fox, jackal, coyote, wolf, raccoons, wild felids, sea lion, black bear) and humans (McCall et al., 2008; Simón et al., 2012;
GUIDELINE for Encephalitozoon cuniculi in cats
Encephalitozoon (E.) cuniculi is a common obligate intracellular microsporidian parasite of rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus), which is increasingly recognised as a pathogen of cats and other mammalian species.
Objectives: to review the literature on E. cuniculi in cats and provide recommendations for feline clinical conditions in which E.
GUIDELINE for Haemoplasmosis in Cats
The haemoplasmas are haemotropic mycoplasmas, bacteria that parasitize red blood cells and can induce haemolytic anaemia. They are currently classified within the genus Mycoplasma in the Mycoplasmataceae family of bacteria.
GUIDELINE for Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, Rickettsia infections
Obligate intracellular Gram negative coccoid organisms of the Anaplasma, Ehrlichia and Rickettsia genera are vector-borne members of the Rickettsiales order infecting humans and a wide variety of domestic and wild animals worldwide (Allison and Little, 2013).
GUIDELINE for Hepatozoonosis
Hepatozoonosis of domestic cats has been reported in several countries, mainly as a subclinical infection.
The infection has been described mostly in the same areas where canine infection is present and, in recent years, different species Hepatozoon felis and Hepatozoon silvestris, have been identified by molecular techniques.
The vector for
GUIDELINE for Streptococcal infections
This beta-haemolytic Lancefield group G gram-positive bacterium is considered part of the commensal mucosal flora of the oral cavity, upper respiratory tract, genital organs and perianal region in cats. The infection seems to be sporadic in single-cat households, especially in older cats (Greene and Prescott, 2012).
GUIDELINE for West Nile virus infection
West Nile virus (WNV) is a zoonotic mosquito-borne virus belonging to the family Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus in the Japanese encephalitis antigenic group. It is an enveloped virus containing a single molecule of linear, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA.
GUIDELINE for Borna virus infection
Borna disease virus (BoDV)-1 historically affects horses and sheep (for review see Ludwig and Bode, 2000). The disease was first described in 1855 in horses which became severely sick, near the German town of Borna (cited in Lundgren et al., 1995).
GUIDELINE for Cytauxzoonosis
Cytauxzoon species are emerging apicomplexan haemoparasites (order Piroplasmida, family Theileriidae) of wild and domestic cats, transmitted by ticks. Cytauxzoon felis is the main species of felids found in the Americas and China while in the Old World Cytauxzoon manul and closely related species are reported.
GUIDELINE for Lungworm disease
Cardiopulmonary nematodes are emerging parasites of dogs and cats in Europe which have received growing attention by researchers in recent years. Significant progress has been made, mainly in the diagnosis and treatment of infection.
Aelurostrongylus abstrusus (Strongylida, Angiostrongylidae) is the best-known feline lungworm and is regarded as the most prevalent
GUIDELINE for Poxvirus infections in cats
Cowpox virus has a wide host spectrum including man (zoonosis!) and occurs predominantly in small rodents.
Cats with rodent contact are at risk to become infected.
Skin lesions are predominantly found on the head and paws.
GUIDELINE for Giardiasis
Giardia is a protozoal parasite that infects the small intestine of cats and can cause diarrhoea. The biotypes considered as feline specific biotypes do not appear to infect humans, but zoonotic biotypes (isolated from human cases) are frequently found in cats.
GUIDELINE for Capnocytophaga canimorsus infection
Capnocytophaga canimorsus and C. cynodegmi are part of the normal bacterial flora in the oral cavity of dogs and cats; C. canimorsus is more pathogenic and causes more severe infections in humans.
GUIDELINE for Tritrichomoniasis
Tritrichomonas foetus is a protozoan organism that can cause predominantly large intestinal diarrhoea in cats. It is specific to cats, distinct from other Tritrichomonas species and not considered to be zoonotic. Infection is most common in young cats from multicat households, particularly pedigree breeding catteries.
GUIDELINE for Toxoplasma gondii infection
Toxoplasma gondii infection is common in cats, but the clinical picture is rare. Up to 50% of cats, especially free-roaming ones, have antibodies indicating infection and the presence of cystic stages. Clinical signs usually appear when cats become immunosuppressed – in these situations, cystic stages can be reactivated.
GUIDELINE for Rare opportunistic mycoses phaeohyphomycosis and hyalohyphomycosis
Phaeohyphomycoses are rare opportunistic fungal infections caused by numerous genera of fungal moulds that characteristically produce melanin-pigmented ”dematiaceous (dark-coloured) hyphal elements in tissues an in culture (Figs.
GUIDELINE for Blastomycosis, histoplasmosis, coccidioidomycosis
Rare systemic fungal infections in Europe are blastomycosis (caused by Blastomyces dermatitidis), coccidioidomycosis (caused by Coccidioides immitis) and histoplasmosis (caused by Histoplasma capsulatum).